Carry a bright pocket flashlight. Many entrance halls and stairways have no lights. And in the winter the nights are long and dark.
Carry a small can of "Mace", "Pepper Shield", or similar product and know how to use it. If you feel threatened, take it out and let it be seen. This can be an effective deterrent.
Never get into a taxi carrying anyone other than the driver. Look at the driver and condition of the car. When in doubt, wave the taxi on. Taxis ordered by phone or through organized services at hotels are often a best bet. Many "official state taxis", once the benchmark of safety have been privatized & are no longer subject to official supervision on rates or safety.
Never give your home address to a stranger. The Russians never do; they often don't even let the taxi driver know exacty where they live. Foreigners are even better targets for thieves. Exchange business phone numbers & addresses.
Don't show large amounts of money, especially hard currency. For small purchases, carry some rubles in one pocket and some dollars in another. Carry your documents and large sums of money separately inside your clothing in a money belt or pouch hung around your neck.
Changing Money. Safest at currency exchange offices. Stay away from Gostinyy Dvor and Apraksin Dvor. Never change money alone on the street. See CURRENCY EXCHANGE.
Beware. Be especially alert around railroad, metro, and bus stations, markets, and Apraksin Dvor. On overnight trains take a few simple precautions. See RAIL INFORMATION - TRAIN TRAVEL.
Street urchins are High Risk. Like in many European cities, roving gangs of children are perhaps the most visible and the most aggressive thieves. Much to the dismay of the gypsy community, many are gypsy children. So, beware of gangs of dirty, ill dressed, poor-looking children (under 14 because they can not be arrested). Don't be sympathetic about their condition. You may actually be in imminent danger of being robbed.
These gangs work by swarming around you like bees, begging, even grabbing your legs or arms and distracting you. Before you realize it, they have accomplished their task and gotten away. There is often a disheveled woman beggar with a small infant in her arms not far away.
What to do. Stay with or go over to other people, go into a shop. Don't look at them, move away quickly. Don't be distracted by begging. If you have a mace or pepper shield canister, take it out and let them see it. Use it if necessary. If they come near you, threaten to hit them and loudly shout "von" or "militia". And if a child (or even woman beggar) actually comes close to you, act aggressively at once. From our own experience, we know that they will not hesitate to rob you in broad daylight.
Mafia. Despite widespread publicity about the "Russian Mafia", it is highly unlikely that the clean-living visitor will ever directly encounter any problems in this area (except for universally common high airport, taxi, and baggage handling fees).
The term Mafia is applied losely to all sorts of quasi-criminals, corrupt officials, and as well as the real structured organized mafia. Many areas of economic activity such as taxis and markets have historically been controled by one or another group. Businessmen, especially Russian but also foreigners, face the risk of extortions not only from organized mafia providing "security services" but also corrupt tax, health, and customs inspectors.
Don't jaywalk. Cross busy streets only at the light or use the underpass (perekhod) denoted by a blue and white sign with a picture of a person walking down a stairway. Russians observe these rules and with good cause.
Poor enforcement of sanitary standards. Food handling and sanitation standards are not enforced. While refrigeration, food handling and food preservation is improving, it is still primitive in many shops and eating establishments which may or may not have hot water. Water is a problem in St. Petersburg. Most Russians don't drink the water. You probably shouldn't either. See WATER QUALITY & WATER PURIFIERS.
Medical problems. Traveler's requiring periodic injections should bring their own syringes, needles and prescriptions. Check that your immunizations are current especially DPT. Only go to medical care facilities using disposable products.
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